In 1973 the UK tax authorities ruled that the famous M&S teacakes – chocolate-covered marshmallows with a biscuit base – were in fact biscuits rather than cakes, and as such liable to VAT. It took 22 years for the Revenue to admit its mistake, during which time M&S shelled out £3.5m in extra taxes. Now the retailer wants its money back.
Not surprisingly, M&S has refused to be fobbed off with the measly refund offered by the Government. When the Revenue eventually conceded the teacake’s true biscuit status, it said it would only pay back £350,000, 10% of the tax paid, since M&S had passed on 90% of the extra cost to the customer through higher prices. Otherwise it would amount to ‘unjust enrichment’, the Revenue objected. In the end, it only handed back about a quarter of that figure.
But now the European Court of Justice has ruled that M&S has got a good case for a full refund. Since the Revenue doesn’t apply this unjust enrichment rule across the board, it can’t single out M&S, the court reckons.
Apparently it all boils down to chocolate. All biscuits and cakes are exempt from VAT – apart from chocolate-covered biscuits, which are classed as luxury items and so don’t get the favourable tax treatment.
Of course the most famous subject of the great ‘biscuit versus cake’ debate is the Jaffa Cake (an argument most of us have probably had at some point). And that’s not an academic discussion either – McVitie’s won a long and expensive court battle with the Revenue on the subject, thus avoiding a hefty tax bill. McVitie’s argument was that biscuits go soft when stale, whereas cakes go hard – and since Jaffa Cakes go hard, they must be cakes.
We suggest that M&S follows another successful McVitie’s tactic: making a giant teacake to show that it really is a cake, despite its usual biscuit proportions. And afterwards, we’d be happy to take the evidence off their hands.
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